Remission To Bilkis Rapist

‘Remission to Rapists Shouldn’t Have Been Granted in the First Place’

Swati Goswami, an Ahmedabad-based writer and human rights activist, says the Bilkis Bano case is a glaring example of how the BJP operates to skirt the law. Her views

Rape is an act of vengeance and violence against an individual’s refusal, or, against the identity of a community. Remission of rapists without the consent of the victim/survivor is a fraud. Just like a rapist misuses physical power, the State misused its power brazenly to remit the rapists and murderers of Bilkis Bano and her family.

Was Bilkis consulted before remitting her 11 rapists? Did the convicts apologise and plead forgiveness for their heinous crimes? The answer is an emphatic NO. With the power to remit comes the responsibility to involve the survivor for reformative justice. Remission has to be reasonable, which in this case is far from reality. What if the convicts had tried to harm the family again? Who would have been responsible? If a misleading writ petition can result in a two-judge bench changing the decision, how can we trust the judicial system?

I am extremely happy for Bilkis, her dogged resilience, her strength of character, and her undeservingly long and protracted struggle for justice. However, I won’t congratulate the Supreme Court for revoking the remission order because the remission should never have been permitted in the first instance! How could the remission plea be heard with such ignorance by the highest court of the land for such a horrific crime? How could they not know that the crime was a part of the widespread and vicious communal violence of 2002 in Gujarat, which has not only been a barbaric event in itself, but which has also resulted in what the country is paying for since 2014? The resulting social and communal polarization in Gujarat literally propelled Narendra Modi as the next chief minister yet again, and, eventually, as the prime minister of India.

The very reason this case was moved out of Gujarat was because a free and fair trial wouldn’t have been possible here. Then, how could the court take the government at face-value?

I won’t actually blame the Gujarat government because that is how the BJP operates. That is why the case was moved to Maharashtra. The Gujarat riots and its modus-operandi, targeting one community, are well documented — that is why Bilkis was raped and her family killed.

We expect no sensitivity and justice from them. However, the judges, as the final custodians of justice, what were they thinking? This is about a gang-rape survivor, her little child who was smashed to death, her murdered family and her entire community! Where is the seriousness of the law? 

Are we to believe that a pregnant gang-rape survivor will not get justice unless five other women file separate petitions? Bilkis moved the court against the remission after one of the convict’s challenged the other petitions by “complete strangers”. Why should she fight alone? It was not a personal crime. It was a social crime with the BJP brass as its naked back-dancers — performing in front of the whole country.

The story of Bilkis is not a women’s issue, even though only women came forward to undo the injustice. It is about the ugly binaries of this country, especially in the contemporary era. 

ALSO READ: ‘Bilkis Banop’s Rapists Were Lionized’

Bilkis won, not once but twice, against the highest level of political, communal and patriarchal violence. What she managed to achieve is incredible, especially as a Muslim woman in India, especially in such bleak and difficult times. I cannot even begin to imagine her rage at the sight of her rapists being felicitated or called ‘Sanskari’. Bilkis stood firm against the entire might of the political system and fought each time it tried to violate her.

And we must not forget her husband, Yakub, who stood by her throughout the unimaginable trauma. In a society, where men rarely stand against their own families for their wives, Yakub is a role model as he stood against a mighty government. For a Muslim man in India to show such courage against decades-long State-backed injustice is laudable.

Some of us had met him after the rapists were released. He mentioned how intimidating their Whatsapp status and indirect but intentional conversations were. He feared for the safety of Bilkis and his family. Some Muslim families had started moving out in fear of another round of violence following the remission. Such is the nature of this crime! It was both traumatic and enraging to see Yakub in tears. 

Finally, they won. Justice BV Nagarathna and Justice Ujjal Bhuyan have proved that the Supreme Court can choose dignified commitment to justice. The apex court cannot bring back her family and undo her trauma, but Bilkis Bano can finally move on. It should never have taken this long to rebuild her life. Indeed. I wish every woman in India the — ‘Bilkis strength’ — but never her trauma! 

The narrator has focused on gender violence and human rights violations in Kashmir and other ‘occupied’ zones.

As told to Amit Sengupta

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Bilkis Lives in Fear, Her Rapists Are Being Lionized

Pyoli Swatija, a Supreme Court advocate and rights activist, points out how the remission granted to rape convicts in the Bilkis Bano case overlooked legal norms

Being a feminist advocate I do not subscribe to capital punishment for any crime. Reformation as the ultimate aim of legal punishment. But we have to consider the peculiar facts and circumstances of this case: What was the crime, the circumstances surrounding it and how did the law & order machinery and the criminal justice system deal with it?

Also, from the criminological point of view: does the conduct of the convicts show that they have been reformed? This was not just a case of 12 persons (one of whom has subsequently died) murdering seven people (including two children) and raping five women including a pregnant Bilkis Bano. Bilkis should not be seen as just another woman. She is a Muslim. Whatever happened to her and her relatives during the Gujarat pogrom was due to their religious identity and as per law, identity-based rape and murder is considered graver than rape and murder simpliciter.

About the state of law & order at the time of the crime, recall the Supreme Court’s statement: “When Rome was burning, Nero was busy playing his lyre.” Under those circumstances, the apex court had transferred the cases of Bilkis Bano and Zahira Sheikh from Gujarat to Maharashtra and ordered CBI investigation.

Were the legal parameters for granting remission of sentence met in this case? A bare reading of CrPC and that which has been interpreted by a five-judge SC bench in the Union of India Vs V Sriharan case (2014), in a case of remission, the concerned government will be the government in whose state the trial was conducted and the verdict was given, regardless of the place of occurrence of the crime.

It is a settled law that no writ petition under Article 32 is maintainable against the order of a high court in SC. Writ is maintainable only against the state and courts are not covered under the definition of “state” under Article 12. When the remission case came to Gujarat HC, it clearly held that the Gujarat government did not have the power to consider remission since the trial was held in Maharashtra.

Instead of appealing against this order, the convict approached the Supreme Court under Article 32 and the SC reversed the high court judgement in a writ petition. In my opinion, this 14th May 2002 order of the Supreme Court is per incuriam (not paying attention to relevant statutory provision).

We need to take into account two rulings in remission cases. Article 14 mandates that discretion cannot be exercised arbitrarily. In Laxman Naskar Vs Union of India, SC said that a petition for remission will be considered by the state government only after considering the following five parameters: a) What is the impact of the offense on the society at large; b) Probability of crime being repeated; c) Potential of the convict to commit a crime; d) Fruitful purpose of keeping convict in detention; and e) Socio-economic condition of the convict.

Victim Bilkis Bano has said that she has been repeatedly threatened by the offenders, whenever they have come out on parole. Now they are out and being felicitated. I do not know the socio-economic condition of convicts but the rest four points regarding state discretion clearly demonstrate that they are a threat to society and have a probability to repeat the crime. Where is the reformation after all these years? They have walked free like triumphant victors while Bilkis has lived a nomad’s life.

Second, Under CRPC 432(2), the opinion of the trial court judge has to be solicited for remission. Justice Chandrachud and Justice Aniruddh Bose in Ramchandra Vs State of Chhattisgarh have stated that the state’s decision cannot differ from the trial court judge’s recommendation, except when the judge has not given a reasoned opinion and considering the five parameters of the Laxman Naskar case, there was no option for the state government but to differ from the trial court judge.

We came to know from media reports that the trial court judge clearly said that convicts should not be remitted. How the state dealt with his opinion, we do not know. Then again, CrPC 435 says that remission in any crime that has been investigated by CBI should not be granted without the central government’s consultation. Did they consult the central government? Central government should tell what it opined on the point of remission so that we will know if what the PM spoke of about respecting women on August 15 was followed in practice or not.

This is my opinion as per law. As far as morality is concerned, we are nowadays witnessing the felicitation of convicts by society. We can easily see here the legal system is not different from the societal structure. You cannot expect institutions to remain insulated from society when fascism has gripped the minds of the majority our people. As is the society, so is the justice system. Hope remains only in resistance, in speaking truth to power, in standing in solidarity with the brave-heart Bilkis Bano.

Pyoli Swatija is also affiliated with Women Against Sexual Violence and State Repression, an NGO

As told to Abhishek Srivastava