Iran Protests

Protests In Iran Must Guard Against A Civil War-Like Situation

Sheeba Aslam Fehmi, a Delhi-based writer and Islamic feminist, says women’s right to choose their clothing without coercion is the real challenge

The hijab row and the resulting anti-regime protests in Iran are symptomatic of an interesting fact. It not only tells us about the present Iran but also about other liberal democracies that daringly point out the majoritarianism of others, but never reflect on their own. From a progressive mindset, I am always against any coercion anywhere in this world.

I had opposed attacks on burqa in France also. At that time some clerics in India were also opposing it in the name of democracy. I told them that you do not have a moral right to oppose this because they never objected when they were forcefully being implemented in Iran and Saudi Arabia. We are the ones who have opposed both forms of coercion.

In India, if we look at the plight of women who come from the majoritarian section of society, they do not have any right to make decisions for themselves. They are being told to become a good wife and good daughter-in-law. A university in Gujarat is teaching them how to be good wives. Whom to marry, what to produce…? Everything is being dictated to them. This is the fallout of majoritarianism which is on the rise in the whole world. It is devoid of any moral responsibility and opposes any kind of progressive trend.

In almost all Muslim countries women are demanding to break free from the hijab. Saudi Arabia is changing and women are celebrating their freedom there. UAE has almost become European. The same is true with Bahrain, Oman, Malaysia and elsewhere. Nowhere are Muslim women seen demanding for a hijab.

ALSO READ: ‘Let A Woman Decide What To Wear Or Not’

But in India if someone posts a photo of one’s child in hijab on social media, people start celebrating it in the comments section. This is the sort of brainwashing where women are being told that an ideal woman should be like this. This is much more overt now. We cannot give a discount to this kind of ideological brainwashing when women in the Muslim world are demanding to break free.

The fundamental question here is cultural. Why Muslims of Kerala must resemble Arabs? Why can’t an Indian Muslim have one’s own identity? I was in a television debate where Asiya Andrabi said that she wants to bring the culture of Saudi Arabia to Kashmir. I countered her by asking that if a Kashmiri says he wanted to take his culture to Saudi Arab, will he not be persecuted there! You cannot interfere with culture. Culture evolves inside a specific geographical space. We need to differentiate between a culture and a regressive practice.

A distinctive feature of Iran that differentiates it from India is its geopolitics. It is disturbing to know that loads of arms are being seized in outer areas like Kurdistan and security forces from the Basij militia have been killed. This has resulted in the government creating a successful perception that protests are being aided by foreign elements, especially concerning Hillary Clinton’s statement about carpet bombing.

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Supporting an idea is one thing but we must be alert of the means because a situation of civil war is being unfolded there. We must also keep in mind that there is a written document from the Reagan and Bush era that says the US needs to pull down five Muslim states in the Middle East. Remember that only Iran is surviving to this day and the rest have been destroyed.

As told to Abhishek Srivastava

Telangana Free Education Books

Telangana: Free Education, Books In State-Run Institutions

After Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh and a new state was formed, the state government made it a point to strengthen the education sector.

The government has been providing free books and study materials for the students and giving them the best facilities in government schools and colleges.

The Telangana government is currently operating 188 residential educational institutions in English, Urdu, and Telugu medium for Classes 1 to 10, Intermediate and Degree Colleges.

Out of this, 69 institutions are for only boys, 103 institutions are for only girls and 16 are co-education institutions. Besides providing free education, the government also provides free uniforms, books, and mid-day meals for students.

Moreover, the government is giving the best computer and sciences laboratory facilities for students in government schools.

Speaking to ANI, Sameera Begum, a student of BJR girls’ junior college said, “We are getting study materials for free, and for this, I am very thankful to the state government for providing such a good opportunity to study here.”

Kathija Fathima from Babu Jagjivan College said, “I have all the facilities in the college. We are provided with free books and have a good education.”

Shereen Fathima, studying BiPC thanked the state government for the facilities provided to them. (ANI)

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Hijab a personal choice

Let A Woman Decide Whether To Wear A Hijab Or To Take It Off

Chandrakanta Khan, a Patna-based social and cultural activist, says the real issue in both Karnataka and Iran is that men want to dictate what a woman should wear

I am not in favour of forcing anyone on what they choose to wear, be it women, men or children. Perhaps children, when they are very small, might have to be told, but the moment they become independent, they have a right to choose how they would like to dress. For me, the right to religion and food, for instance, is a question of personal choice. Nothing should be forced.

In Karnataka, recently, they singled out Muslim schoolgirls, bullied and harassed them, because they were wearing hijab. If a girl is a good student, her capability should be appreciated, why is she being harassed because of wearing a hijab? If you want to hire a teacher, is her education and capability more important, or her faith? The column on religion in application forms should be totally eliminated. Qualifications, honesty and capabilities are most crucial – where does faith come in all this? And how is a compulsory dress code, or religion, important here?

In a society conditioned to be chauvinistic, women are continuously suppressed, for ages. They have been reduced to second class citizens. When women are attacked, hounded or molested, is it because of her clothes? When some men rape a three-year old girl, or an old woman, do they do this act of bestiality because of her dress? They will then say, oh, she went out in the night, hence this happened. I mean what will a mother do if her child is sick in the night and she has to take her all alone to the hospital? Indeed, in a deep and sad manner, our society has failed.

Women are often paid less salary then men. Women are not even allowed to demand equal or more salaries, why? Our society has been conditioned to treat women as inferior beings – this is absolutely wrong and should be challenged.

These days especially, in the current, retrograde, social atmosphere, in WhatsApp etc, there is a new, regressive concept being spread about women in India – that she should be sanskari — a good woman. Perhaps it was one of those fake propaganda stories, but it is symbolic of the times. A school student was asked to write an essay on ‘Ma Ka Aanchal’. So he/she writes that when the mother had an ‘anchal’, one could hide one’s face in it, use it like a towel to wipe one’s face, while she would tie coins in the end of her anchal. The absurd implication behind this sentimentality is that now this kind of a ‘role model mother’ is absent.

ALSO READ: Hijab Ban Is A Toxic Mix of Sexism & Communalism

I mean, a mother who is wearing jeans, she too loves her children. A working mother too loves and takes care of her children. I wear jeans and I love my children. Even a working mother is extremely serious about her children’s education, she knows which chapter is being taught in the classroom, where to follow up from yesterday’s classroom and home work.

In know through experience that in certain schools some teachers tell girls not to sit or play with boys. This is absurd. If this is the kind of upbringing they are giving to our children, what kind of warped creatures do they want to make in the future?

A girl student works diligently, in her studies, goes for higher qualification with her talent and hard work, qualifies in a competition, or gets a professional job – why should she not choose an occupation for herself after all these years of painstaking labour? Why should she be only compelled to marry and ‘take care’ of the household? What is this entrenched stereotype that she has to devote her life to the family – why can’t she nurture her talent and professional expertise? Why can’t she also devote her life to society?

They have imposed a hijab forcibly on women in Iran. They have murdered a young girl. Wearing an outfit is a matter of personal choice. Women have a right to choose their outfits. I fully stand with the protesting women of Iran.

As told to Amit Sengupta

Ms Khan is a member of the Indian People’s Theatre Association, (IPTA), Bihar chapter

Hijab Protests

Iran Suspends Internet To Cripple Protests Against Hijab

Iranian authorities on Saturday announced to restrict internet access in the country over intensified protests after the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini, who died in police custody after her arrest for allegedly failing to comply with Iran’s strict rules on women’s dress by wearing an “improper hijab”.

The internet monitoring agency Netblocks said Friday that Iranians are facing a third wave of “nation-scale” loss of mobile internet connectivity as the protests continue, reported CNN.

The watchdog group said earlier in the week that Iran was experiencing the most severe internet restrictions since 2019, with mobile networks largely shut down and social networks Instagram and WhatsApp restricted in the country since protests began.

To circumvent internet blocks, Iranians both inside the country and in the diaspora are turning to popular Virtual Private Network (VPN) providers such as Tor Project and Hula VPN – the top downloaded apps available in Iran via Google Play Store, a marketplace for Android smartphone users to download apps, according to monitoring service AppBrain.

However, Netblocks has warned that the kind of internet disruption seen currently in the country “cannot generally be worked around with the use of circumvention software or VPNs,” reported CNN.

Thousands of Iranians have taken to the streets in protest since the death last week of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini, who was apprehended in Tehran and taken to a “re-education center”, apparently for not wearing her hijab properly.

Since Friday, demonstrations have taken place in at least 40 cities nationwide, including the capital Tehran, with protesters demanding an end to violence and discrimination against women as well as an end to compulsory wearing of the hijab.

Dozens of protesters have reportedly been killed in the resulting clashes with security forces, reported CNN.

Amnesty International said Friday that at least 30 people, including four children, had died; according to state media the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, 35 people have died.

Authorities hope that by restricting the internet they can bring the protests under control.

Speaking with state broadcaster IRIB on Friday, Iran’s Minister of Communications Ahmad Vahidi said, “Until the riots end, the internet will have limitations. To prevent riot organization through social media, we are obliged to create internet limitations.”

Vahidi’s comments came after videos on social media showed scenes of public defiance, with women removing and burning their headscarves and demonstrators chanting such slogans as, “women, life, freedom.”

The move to further restrict the internet also followed a call by the United Nations for an independent investigation into Amini’s death and for Iran’s security forces to refrain from using “disproportionate force” on the protesters, reported CNN.

Amini’s death has now become a symbol of the violent oppression women have faced in Iran for decades, and her name has spread around the globe, with world leaders invoking her even at the United Nations General Assembly in New York City this week.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on Thursday said UN experts strongly condemned the use of physical violence against women in Iran by state authorities, reported CNN.

“Iranian authorities said (Amini) died of a heart attack, and claimed her death was from natural causes. However, some reports suggested that Amini’s death was a result of alleged torture and ill-treatment,” it said in a statement.

“We call on the Iranian authorities to hold an independent, impartial, and prompt investigation into Ms Amini’s death, make the findings of the investigation public and hold all perpetrators accountable,” it added.

Meanwhile, Internet activist hacker group Anonymous has also targeted the Iranian government online over the past week, announcing several breaches of government websites on Thursday, reported CNN.

Using the hashtag #OpIran, short for Operation Iran, which started gaining traction on social media following the death of Amini, Anonymous also tweeted Thursday that the organization was successful in hacking more than 1,000 CCTV Iranian cameras – a claim CNN has not been able to independently confirm.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Friday said that he was “concerned about reports of peaceful protests being met with excessive use of force leading to dozens of deaths and injuries.”

“We call on the security forces to refrain from using unnecessary or disproportionate force and appeal to all to exercise restraint to avoid further escalation,” Guterres’ spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said at the daily briefing on UNTV.

The UN said it’s closely following the protests in Iran and called on authorities to “respect the right to freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly and association.”

Guterres reiterated a call from the Acting High Commissioner for Human Rights for a prompt investigation into the death of Amini by an “independent competent authority,” reported CNN. (ANI)

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Don’t Support Allowing Burqa or Hijab

‘I Will Advise My Muslim Sisters To Choose Education Over Hijab’

Saniya Khan, 23, a practising Muslim from Karnataka, says hijab row is the creation of political vested interests and students must not play into their hands

I am a devout Muslim who wears burqa every time I step out of my house. Yet, I don’t support allowing burqa or hijab in schools. This statement might sound confusing to many of your readers but allow me to explain my position.

I firmly believe that an ostensible display of religious practices should be kept away from schools or workplace where certain protocols are followed to bring about a uniformity an impartiality. Whether burqa, hijab or a tilak, one should refrain from carrying one’s religious identity on the sleeve in a classroom.

You may mistake me as a liberal but I am not; far from it. I am deeply religious and I wear burqa in public space. However, as soon as I enter the office premises, I take it off. For, a workplace has a decorum and propriety that needs to be followed if you choose to join in.

Having said that, I know this hijab controversy has been deliberately created to fulfil the agendas of political parties. The whole issue could have been resolved right when it started but the state elections are due the next year and I strongly suspect that a social experiment is being conducted by some vested interest to polarise society so that they can swing the elections in their favour.

ALSO READ: ‘All Women Must Support Muslim Girls On Hijab’

I see the issue has now spread and spilled over to other parts of the country. A few days ago, my sisters came home from college and informed us that how there was a sense of fear among Muslim girls. Though the college administration hasn’t issued any diktat against burqa or hijab, there were fewer girls wearing burqa in the college. This whole incident shows how much importance these girls give to the education; they are ready to set aside their religious practice for the sake of education.

This episode also gives a message to school and college administration to not deny education to women over a piece of clothing. Women are fighting to get their due status in society and they know they can achieve it through education only. We women have fought a long battle to come to this level. But, if the college administration or the government will decide to reduce our access to education institutions over the matter of hijab or jeans, it will be the defeat of the country. This will expose the hollowness of our leaders’ promise to the right to education, particularly girls’ education

My message is for those schoolgirls also that even they are deeply religious and believe that wearing hijab in schools is their fundamental right, it should be set aside for now. Because, it is serving the purpose of one-kind-of ideology which wants to create a deep rift in the society and in this whole controversy only Muslims are being marginalised.

As told to Md Tausif Alam

The Politics Behind Hijab

‘All Women Must Support Muslim Girls’ Right To Wear Hijab’

Smriti Hegde*, a school principal in Gulbarga (Karnataka), says the politics behind hijab row seeks to fracture the social fabric of the country

It’s sad to see how girls, once again, are being targeted for their choice of clothing — jeans, T-shirts, shorts and now hijab. It’s more painful to see this time, as these girls are being denied of education because they chose to wear a headscarf.

I sense a lot of politics in it. I have the same questions what others have. Since my school days I have been seeing Muslim girls, many of my friends, attending schools in hijab. This issue never came up. One day, we hear that girls in hijab are not allowed in schools. This hijab controversy has been forcefully created.

The purpose of schools was to provide education and not divide children on the basis of gender, colour, caste and religion. This is also affecting the minds of innocent children. The main aim of the education was to develop the thinking and mindset which adopts everyone, but young children are learning something else — differences between communities. I am afraid even among children it’s gradually turning into ‘us’ vs ‘them’ issue, which is extremely bad for the society and the country.

Since this hijab issue started, I am observing our students very closely. This controversy has been going on far from here but I can see the shift in their behaviour. The camaraderie among students of two different faiths seemed to be waned. I sense a kind of cold war among them. It’s extremely disheartening to witness this. We never grew up like that. Some of my close friends are from Muslim community. Religions never came between us.

ALSO READ: A Headscarf Lifts The Veil Off BJP Face

I blame the politicians for it. They are destroying an entire generation for their temporary electoral gains. Had the government wanted, they would have nipped the issue in the bud. But it appears that it was rather allowed to spread — from one school to another. Then, we witnessed disturbing videos where students were clashing with police. Kids, who were supposed to be in schools, they were brought on roads with stones in their hands.

I personally believe that women from all faiths should come together and support Muslim women. This is not a matter of hijab. I am afraid that today, it is about hijab; tomorrow, they might force Hindu girls to wear sari.

While this controversy is going on, there’s one group of people who advocate of barring all kinds of religious activities from schools. However, I am of the different opinion. India is a highly religious country. People practise their faith openly and removing the sign of religions from schools is not going to remove religions from the personal lives of students. We should rather teach assimilation and the idea of tolerance to students, who can develop the idea of India where everyone can live peacefully together despite having religious differences.

As told to Md Tausif Alam

*The name of the narrator was changed on request as she argued that “the hijab issue has deteriorated to a level where I can’t even express my opinion freely”